Company News and Views

The greatest and most prosperous commercial nation in the old world

callen001 — Sun, 10 Jan 2010 11:18:02 +0000

after Great Britain is Germany
The greatest and most prosperous commercial nation in the old world
after Great Britain is Germany. Its population is 52,000,000, as
against France”s 38,500,000; and while France”s population is scarcely
increasing at all, Germany”s population is increasing the most rapidly
of any in Europe. Since the Franco-Prussian war France has gained in
population only a little over 2,000,000, while Germany in the same
time has gained 12,000,000. In the middle of the present century the
populations of Germany and France were equal, being each about
35,000,000. Since that date Germany”s population has increased by
about fifty per cent. and France”s by only about ten per cent.
Similarly, the commerce of Germany not only greatly exceeds that of
France, but is growing much faster than that of France. The total
exports and imports of Germany, exclusive of bullion, now foot up to
nearly $2,000,000,000 a year. The total exports and imports of France,
exclusive of bullion, foot up to only $1,500,000,000 a year. The total
commerce of Germany is therefore about one third more than that of
France. At the close of the Franco-Prussian war the total commerce of
France considerably exceeded that of Germany.

Suppose A should send an offer and afterward a withdrawal and the

callen001 — Sun, 10 Jan 2010 03:20:02 +0000

withdrawal should be received first
Suppose A should send an offer and afterward a withdrawal and the
withdrawal should be received first. Notwithstanding this, however, if
the person to whom the offer was sent should accept the offer, could
he not bind A? One can readily see that all the proof would be in the
possession of B, the acceptor. If he were a man without regard for his
honour and insisted that he received the offer first, A might be
unable to offer any proof to the contrary and fail to win his case
should B sue him. But the principle of law is plain enough; the only
difficulty is in its application. Doubtless cases of this kind
constantly happen in which the acceptor has taken advantage of the
other to assent to an offer actually received after its withdrawal.

The performance of the transportation services necessitates the

callen001 — Sat, 09 Jan 2010 11:18:03 +0000

co-operation of carriers
The performance of the transportation services necessitates the
co-operation of carriers. When the government owns and operates the
railroads of a country they are managed by a single authority, and the
different parts of the railway system are fully co-ordinated; but when
the railroads are operated by a large number of independent
corporations, co-operation can be secured only by means of traffic
associations composed of representatives of the railway companies, and
intrusted with the power of making arrangements affecting joint
traffic, and settling questions involving the interests of two or more
companies.

callen001 — Sat, 09 Jan 2010 03:20:03 +0000

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Goods may be held in bond for three years with the duty unpaid, but

callen001 — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 11:18:02 +0000

after that time either the duty must be paid or the goods exported
Goods may be held in bond for three years with the duty unpaid, but
after that time either the duty must be paid or the goods exported. If
shipped to another country and afterward re-imported the goods would
again be entitled to the three-year privilege. If goods are not
exported and the customs charges are due and unpaid, the government
may dispose of the goods at public sale to obtain its claim.

The illustration on page 8 shows a cheque carefully and correctly

callen001 — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 03:20:01 +0000

drawn
The illustration on page 8 shows a cheque carefully and correctly
drawn. The signature should be in your usual style, familiar to the
paying teller. Sign your name the same way all the time. Have a
characteristic signature, as familiar to your friends as is your face.

[9] For a preliminary treatment of the subject of this lesson the

callen001 — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 11:18:02 +0000

student is referred to Part I
[9] For a preliminary treatment of the subject of this lesson the
student is referred to Part I. of this book, entitled ‘General
Business Information,’ especially Lessons XII. and XV.

The Mediterranean from the very earliest epochs of civilisation has

callen001 — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 03:20:03 +0000

been a chief highway of trade, and along its shores every sort of
commercial activity has been prosecuted
The Mediterranean from the very earliest epochs of civilisation has
been a chief highway of trade, and along its shores every sort of
commercial activity has been prosecuted. For centuries and centuries
the nations upon the borders, especially those upon its northern
borders, were the leading nations of the world, and their empire,
indeed, comprised the empire of the world. But during the last two or
three centuries, and especially during the nineteenth century,
commercial pre-eminence and pre-eminence in empire have departed from
the Mediterranean. Italy, the ruler of the whole ancient world, and
even in modern times a ruler of almost equal potency; Turkey, during
the middle ages a chief power both in Europe and in Asia; Spain, for
two centuries at the beginning of our modern epoch a chief power in
Europe and the mistress of almost the whole Western world as
well,–these countries have all sunk to positions of comparative
insignificance, and Italy alone shows signs of effectual regeneration.
And yet on the whole earth”s surface there are no lands more richly
endowed by nature as abodes for man than Italy, Turkey, and Spain.

The words VALUE RECEIVED, which usually appear upon notes, are not

callen001 — Wed, 06 Jan 2010 11:18:02 +0000

necessary legally
The words VALUE RECEIVED, which usually appear upon notes, are not
necessary legally. Thousands of good notes made without any value
consideration are handled daily.

callen001 — Wed, 06 Jan 2010 03:20:02 +0000

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